1. Catharsis is what Aristotle talked about.
Explanation: Catharsis is when people watch a tragedy and feel better after it is over. Aristotle said that when we watch sad things happen on stage we can get rid of our sad feelings in a safe way. So when we leave the theater we feel more balanced.
Example: When you watch Romeo and Juliet you feel sad when the lovers die. It helps you deal with your own sad feelings in a safe way.
2. Matthew Arnold had a method to test poetry.
Explanation: Matthew Arnold said we should compare poetry to the great poetry of the past. We should see if the new poetry is as good as the poetry.
Example: If you want to know if a new poem about war is good you should compare it to an old poem like Paradise Lost.
3. Ut Pictura Poesis is a phrase from Horace.
Explanation: Ut Pictura Poesis means that poetry is like painting. Some poems are like paintings that you should look at closely. Some are like paintings that you should look at from far away.
Example: A poem that describes an autumn forest is like a painting. It uses words to create a picture in your mind.
4. Matthew Arnold said poetry is a criticism of life.
Explanation: Matthew Arnold said that great poetry helps us understand how to live a life. It shows us what is good and what is bad.
Example:A poem that talks about the things people do during the Industrial Revolution is not just entertaining it is also teaching us about what is right and wrong.
5. Samuel Johnson talked about Shakespeare and the Three Unities.
Explanation:The Three Unities are rules that say a play should have one plot happen in one day and happen in one place. Samuel Johnson said that Shakespeare did not follow these rules and that is okay.
Example:In Shakespeares play Antony and Cleopatra the story happens over years and in many places.. It is still a good play because the story makes sense.
6. Philip Sidney defended poetry.
Explanation: Some people said that poetry is not truthful.. Philip Sidney said that poetry is not trying to tell historical truth it is trying to teach us moral truth.
Example: When Aesop wrote a story about a talking tortoise he was not trying to say that tortoises can really talk. He was trying to teach us that slow and steady wins the race.
7. John Dryden wrote an essay with four characters.
Explanation:John Dryden wrote an essay where four characters talk about types of theater. One character, Neander is like John Dryden himself.
Example: The essay is like a talk show where different people discuss their opinions about theater.
8. Aristotle said poetry is a way to release emotions.
Explanation: Aristotle said that poetry, tragedy helps us release our emotions in a safe way.
Example:Watching a movie and crying can help you release your emotions and feel better.
9. John Drydens character Neander defended tragicomedy.
Explanation: Neander said that tragicomedy, which is a mix of sad and funny is an good way to tell stories.
Example: Shakespeares play Hamlet has a scene where a gravedigger's funny but it is also a sad play.
10. T.S. Eliot talked about the dissociation of sensibility.
Explanation: T.S. Eliot said that in the century poetry started to separate thought and feeling. He said this was a thing.
Example: Before this time poetry was both thoughtful and emotional. After this time poetry was either just thoughtful or just emotional.
11. Thomas Rymer talked about justice.
Explanation:Thomas Rymer said that in stories good people should be rewarded and bad people should be punished.
Example: In the story of Cinderella, the good girl marries the prince and the bad stepsisters are punished.
12. Samuel Taylor Coleridge talked about the imagination.
Explanation:Coleridge said that the secondary imagination is the ability to take things apart and put them back together in a way. This is what poets do.
Example: A normal person sees a field of flowers. A poet sees a field of flowers and can turn it into a beautiful poem.
13. John Dryden said Shakespeare did not need books to understand people.
Explanation: John Dryden said that Shakespeare was a genius who could understand people by watching them. He did not need to read books.
Example: Shakespeare could write about characters like Macbeth without studying psychology.
14. Philip Sidney said heroic poetry is the best.
Explanation:Philip Sidney said that heroic poetry, which is about heroes is the best kind of poetry.
Example: The Iliad and Paradise Lost are examples of poetry.
15. John Drydens essay is a dialogue.
Explanation: John Drydens essay is written like a conversation between four friends.
Example:It is like a script where characters talk about their opinions.
16. Samuel Taylor Coleridge talked about the suspension of disbelief.
Explanation: Coleridge said that when we watch a movie or read a book we can choose to not think about what's real and what is not. We can just enjoy the story.
Example: When you watch a movie, about a superhero you can choose to not think about how it's not real and just enjoy the story.
17. Samuel Johnson talked about poets.
Explanation:Samuel Johnson said that metaphysical poets are poets who write about ideas and use complicated imagery.
Example: John Donne is an example of a poet.
Explanation:Dr. Johnson came up with the term Metaphysical Poets to talk about a group of writers from the century like John Donne and Abraham Cowley. He did not like that they used strange and complicated comparisons, called conceits just to show how smart they were instead of writing poetry that was real and meant something.
Example:Johnson did not like it when John Donne compared the souls of two people in love to the two legs of a compass used in geometry. He thought this was much like a math problem and not suitable for poetry about love.
18. Scrutiny(F.R. Leavis & Q.D. Leavis)
Explanation: F.R. Leavis and his wife Q.D. Leavis started an important journal called *Scrutiny* in the twentieth century in Britain. This journal believed that studying English literature should be a part of education and society and that it should focus on deciding whether the books people read are good or bad for them.
Example: If a magazine today only wrote about whether the new novels people are reading're making them better or worse people it would be doing something similar to what *Scrutiny* did. *Scrutiny* was, about looking at the moral value of the books people were reading and that is what this magazine would be doing too it would be looking at the moral value of Metaphysical Poets and other writers.
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